Monday, December 13, 2010
Tuesday, June 29, 2010
Tuesday, December 8, 2009
Wednesday, November 25, 2009
ALL INFORMATION ABOUT CREDIT(advantages & disadvantages) AND BUDGET
The desirability of budgeting
Budget is a document which documents the plan of the business. This may include the objective of business, targets set, and results in financial terms, e.g., the target set for sale, resulting cost, growth, required investment to achieve the planned sales, and financing source for the investment. Also budget may be long term or short term. Long term budgets have a time horizon of 5–10 years giving a vision to the company; short term is an annual budget which is drawn to control and operate in that particular year.
Capital budget
This concerns proposed fixed asset requirements and how these expenditures will be financed. Capital budgets are often adjusted annually and should be part of a longer-term Capital Improvements Plan.
Cash budget
Working capital requirements of a business should be monitored at all times to ensure that there are sufficient funds available to meet short-term expenses.
The cash budget is basically a detailed plan that shows all expected sources and uses of cash. The cash budget has the following six main sections:
Beginning Cash Balance - contains the last period's closing cash balance. Cash collections - includes all expected cash receipts (all sources of cash for the period considered, mainly sales) Cash disbursements - lists all planned cash outflows for the period, excluding interest payments on short-term loans, which appear in the financing section. All expenses that do not affect cash flow are excluded from this list (e.g. depreciation, amortisation, etc) Cash excess or deficiency - a function of the cash needs and cash available. Cash needs are determined by the total cash disbursements plus the minimum cash balance required by company policy. If total cash available is less than cash needs, a deficiency exists. Financing - discloses the planned borrowings and repayments, including interest. Ending Cash balance - simply reveals the planned ending cash balance.
Management of current assets
Credit policy
Credit gives the customer the opportunity to buy goods and services, and pay for them at a later date.
Advantages of credit trade
Usually results in more customers than cash trade. Can charge more for goods to cover the risk of bad debt. Gain goodwill and loyalty of customers. People can buy goods and pay for them at a later date. Farmers can buy seeds and implements, and pay for them only after the harvest. Stimulates agricultural and industrial production and commerce. Can be used as a promotional tool. Increase the sales. Modest rates to be filled.
Disadvantages of credit trade
Risk of bad debt. High administration expenses. People can buy more than they can afford. More working capital needed. Risk of Bankruptcy. May lose peace of mind.
Forms of credit
Suppliers credit:
Credit on ordinary open account Installment sales Bills of exchange Credit cards Contractor's credit Factoring of debtors Cash credit Cpf credits Exchange of product
Factors which influence credit conditions
Nature of the business's activities Financial position Product durability Length of production process Competition and competitors' credit conditions Country's economic position Conditions at financial institutions Discount for early payment Debtor's type of business and financial positions
Credit collection
Overdue accounts
Attach a notice of overdue account to statement. Send a letter asking for settlement of debt. Send a second or third letter if first is ineffectual. Threaten legal action.
Effective credit control
Increases sales Reduces bad debts Increases profits Builds customer loyalty Builds confidence of financial industry increase company capitlisation
Sources of information on creditworthiness
Business references Bank references Credit agencies Chambers of commerce Employers Credit application forms
Duties of the credit department
Legal action
Taking necessary steps to ensure settlement of account Knowing the credit policy and procedures for credit control Setting credit limits Ensuring that statements of account are sent out Ensuring that thorough checks are carried out on credit customers Keeping records of all amounts owing Ensuring that debts are settled promptly Timely reporting to the upper level of management for better management.
Stock
Purpose of stock control
Ensures that enough stock is on hand to satisfy demand. Protects and monitors theft. Safeguards against having to stockpile. Allows for control over selling and cost price. Stockpiling Main article: Cornering the marketThis refers to the purchase of stock at the right time, at the right price and in the right quantities.
There are several advantages to the stockpiling, the following are some of the examples:
Losses due to price fluctuations and stock loss kept to a minimum Ensures that goods reach customers timeously; better service Saves space and storage cost Investment of working capital kept to minimum No loss in production due to delays There are several disadvantages to the stockpiling, the following are some of the examples:
Obsolescence
Danger of fire and theft
Initial working capital investment is very large Losses due to price fluctuation Rate of stock turnover This refers to the number of times per year that the average level of stock is sold. It may be worked out by dividing the cost price of goods sold by the cost price of the average stock level.
Determining optimum stock levels
Maximum stock level refers to the maximum stock level that may be maintained to ensure cost effectiveness. Minimum stock level refers to the point below which the stock level may not go. Standard order refers to the amount of stock generally ordered. Order level refers to the stock level which calls for an order to be made.
Cash
Reasons for keeping cash
Cash is usually referred to as the "king" in finance, as it is the most liquid asset. The transaction motive refers to the money kept available to pay expenses. The precautionary motive refers to the money kept aside for unforeseen expenses. The speculative motive refers to the money kept aside to take advantage of suddenly arising opportunities.
Advantages of sufficient cash
Current liabilties may be catered for. Cash discounts are given for cash payments. Production is kept moving Surplus cash may be invested on a short-term basis. The business is able to pay its accounts in a timely manner, allowing for easily-obtained credit. Liquidity
Management of fixed assets
Depreciation
Depreciation is the allocation of the cost of an asset over its useful life as determined at the time of purchase. It is calculated yearly to enforce the matching principle.
Insurance
Main article: InsuranceInsurance is the undertaking of one party to indemnify another, in exchange for a premium, against a certain eventuality.
Uninsured risks
Bad debt Changes in fashion Time lapses between ordering and delivery New machinery or technology Different prices at different places Requirements of an insurance contract Insurable interest The insured must derive a real financial gain from that which he is insuring, or stand to lose if it is destroyed or lost. The item must belong to the insured. One person may take out insurance on the life of another if the second party owes the first money. Must be some person or item which can, legally, be insured. The insured must have a legal claim to that which he is insuring. Good faith Uberrimae fidei refers to absolute honesty and must characterise the dealings of both the insurer and the insured.
Shared Services
There is currently a move towards converging and consolidating Finance provisions into shared services within an organization. Rather than an organization having a number of separate Finance departments performing the same tasks from different locations a more centralized version can be created.
Finance of states
Main article: Public financeCountry, state, county, city or municipality finance is called public finance. It is concerned with
Identification of required expenditure of a public sector entity Source(s) of that entity's revenue The budgeting process Debt issuance (municipal bonds) for public works projects
Financial economics
Main article: Financial economicsFinancial economics is the branch of economics studying the interrelation of financial variables, such as prices, interest rates and shares, as opposed to those concerning the real economy. Financial economics concentrates on influences of real economic variables on financial ones, in contrast to pure finance.
Budget is a document which documents the plan of the business. This may include the objective of business, targets set, and results in financial terms, e.g., the target set for sale, resulting cost, growth, required investment to achieve the planned sales, and financing source for the investment. Also budget may be long term or short term. Long term budgets have a time horizon of 5–10 years giving a vision to the company; short term is an annual budget which is drawn to control and operate in that particular year.
Capital budget
This concerns proposed fixed asset requirements and how these expenditures will be financed. Capital budgets are often adjusted annually and should be part of a longer-term Capital Improvements Plan.
Cash budget
Working capital requirements of a business should be monitored at all times to ensure that there are sufficient funds available to meet short-term expenses.
The cash budget is basically a detailed plan that shows all expected sources and uses of cash. The cash budget has the following six main sections:
Beginning Cash Balance - contains the last period's closing cash balance. Cash collections - includes all expected cash receipts (all sources of cash for the period considered, mainly sales) Cash disbursements - lists all planned cash outflows for the period, excluding interest payments on short-term loans, which appear in the financing section. All expenses that do not affect cash flow are excluded from this list (e.g. depreciation, amortisation, etc) Cash excess or deficiency - a function of the cash needs and cash available. Cash needs are determined by the total cash disbursements plus the minimum cash balance required by company policy. If total cash available is less than cash needs, a deficiency exists. Financing - discloses the planned borrowings and repayments, including interest. Ending Cash balance - simply reveals the planned ending cash balance.
Management of current assets
Credit policy
Credit gives the customer the opportunity to buy goods and services, and pay for them at a later date.
Advantages of credit trade
Usually results in more customers than cash trade. Can charge more for goods to cover the risk of bad debt. Gain goodwill and loyalty of customers. People can buy goods and pay for them at a later date. Farmers can buy seeds and implements, and pay for them only after the harvest. Stimulates agricultural and industrial production and commerce. Can be used as a promotional tool. Increase the sales. Modest rates to be filled.
Disadvantages of credit trade
Risk of bad debt. High administration expenses. People can buy more than they can afford. More working capital needed. Risk of Bankruptcy. May lose peace of mind.
Forms of credit
Suppliers credit:
Credit on ordinary open account Installment sales Bills of exchange Credit cards Contractor's credit Factoring of debtors Cash credit Cpf credits Exchange of product
Factors which influence credit conditions
Nature of the business's activities Financial position Product durability Length of production process Competition and competitors' credit conditions Country's economic position Conditions at financial institutions Discount for early payment Debtor's type of business and financial positions
Credit collection
Overdue accounts
Attach a notice of overdue account to statement. Send a letter asking for settlement of debt. Send a second or third letter if first is ineffectual. Threaten legal action.
Effective credit control
Increases sales Reduces bad debts Increases profits Builds customer loyalty Builds confidence of financial industry increase company capitlisation
Sources of information on creditworthiness
Business references Bank references Credit agencies Chambers of commerce Employers Credit application forms
Duties of the credit department
Legal action
Taking necessary steps to ensure settlement of account Knowing the credit policy and procedures for credit control Setting credit limits Ensuring that statements of account are sent out Ensuring that thorough checks are carried out on credit customers Keeping records of all amounts owing Ensuring that debts are settled promptly Timely reporting to the upper level of management for better management.
Stock
Purpose of stock control
Ensures that enough stock is on hand to satisfy demand. Protects and monitors theft. Safeguards against having to stockpile. Allows for control over selling and cost price. Stockpiling Main article: Cornering the marketThis refers to the purchase of stock at the right time, at the right price and in the right quantities.
There are several advantages to the stockpiling, the following are some of the examples:
Losses due to price fluctuations and stock loss kept to a minimum Ensures that goods reach customers timeously; better service Saves space and storage cost Investment of working capital kept to minimum No loss in production due to delays There are several disadvantages to the stockpiling, the following are some of the examples:
Obsolescence
Danger of fire and theft
Initial working capital investment is very large Losses due to price fluctuation Rate of stock turnover This refers to the number of times per year that the average level of stock is sold. It may be worked out by dividing the cost price of goods sold by the cost price of the average stock level.
Determining optimum stock levels
Maximum stock level refers to the maximum stock level that may be maintained to ensure cost effectiveness. Minimum stock level refers to the point below which the stock level may not go. Standard order refers to the amount of stock generally ordered. Order level refers to the stock level which calls for an order to be made.
Cash
Reasons for keeping cash
Cash is usually referred to as the "king" in finance, as it is the most liquid asset. The transaction motive refers to the money kept available to pay expenses. The precautionary motive refers to the money kept aside for unforeseen expenses. The speculative motive refers to the money kept aside to take advantage of suddenly arising opportunities.
Advantages of sufficient cash
Current liabilties may be catered for. Cash discounts are given for cash payments. Production is kept moving Surplus cash may be invested on a short-term basis. The business is able to pay its accounts in a timely manner, allowing for easily-obtained credit. Liquidity
Management of fixed assets
Depreciation
Depreciation is the allocation of the cost of an asset over its useful life as determined at the time of purchase. It is calculated yearly to enforce the matching principle.
Insurance
Main article: InsuranceInsurance is the undertaking of one party to indemnify another, in exchange for a premium, against a certain eventuality.
Uninsured risks
Bad debt Changes in fashion Time lapses between ordering and delivery New machinery or technology Different prices at different places Requirements of an insurance contract Insurable interest The insured must derive a real financial gain from that which he is insuring, or stand to lose if it is destroyed or lost. The item must belong to the insured. One person may take out insurance on the life of another if the second party owes the first money. Must be some person or item which can, legally, be insured. The insured must have a legal claim to that which he is insuring. Good faith Uberrimae fidei refers to absolute honesty and must characterise the dealings of both the insurer and the insured.
Shared Services
There is currently a move towards converging and consolidating Finance provisions into shared services within an organization. Rather than an organization having a number of separate Finance departments performing the same tasks from different locations a more centralized version can be created.
Finance of states
Main article: Public financeCountry, state, county, city or municipality finance is called public finance. It is concerned with
Identification of required expenditure of a public sector entity Source(s) of that entity's revenue The budgeting process Debt issuance (municipal bonds) for public works projects
Financial economics
Main article: Financial economicsFinancial economics is the branch of economics studying the interrelation of financial variables, such as prices, interest rates and shares, as opposed to those concerning the real economy. Financial economics concentrates on influences of real economic variables on financial ones, in contrast to pure finance.
FINANCE DESCRIPTION
FINANCE
Finance is the science of funds management.The general areas of finance are business finance, personal finance, and public finance.
Finance includes saving money and often includes lending money. The field of finance deals with the concepts of time, money and risk and how they are interrelated. It also deals with how money is spent and budgeted.
Finance works most basically through individuals and business organizations depositing money in a bank. The bank then lends the money out to other individuals or corporations for consumption or investment, and charges interest on the loans.
Loans have become increasingly packaged for resale, meaning that an investor buys the loan (debt) from a bank or directly from a corporation. Bonds are debt sold directly to investors from corporations, while that investor can then hold the debt and collect the interest or sell the debt on a secondary market.Banks are the main facilitators of funding through the provision of credit, although private equity, mutual funds, hedge funds, and other organizations have become important as they invest in various forms of debt. Financial assets, known as investments, are financially managed with careful attention to financial risk management to control financial risk. Financial instruments allow many forms of securitized assets to be traded on securities exchanges such as stock exchanges, including debt such as bonds as well as equity in publicly-traded corporations.
Central banks act as lenders of last resort and control the money supply, which affects the interest rates charged. As money supply increases, interest rates decrease.
The main techniques and sectors of the financial industryMain article: Financial servicesAn entity whose income exceeds their expenditure can lend or invest the excess income. On the other hand, an entity whose income is less than its expenditure can raise capital by borrowing or selling equity claims, decreasing its expenses, or increasing its income. The lender can find a borrower, a financial intermediary such as a bank, or buy notes or bonds in the bond market. The lender receives interest, the borrower pays a higher interest than the lender receives, and the financial intermediary pockets the difference.
A bank aggregates the activities of many borrowers and lenders. A bank accepts deposits from lenders, on which it pays the interest. The bank then lends these deposits to borrowers. Banks allow borrowers and lenders, of different sizes, to coordinate their activity. Banks are thus compensators of money flows in space.
A specific example of corporate finance is the sale of stock by a company to institutional investors like investment banks, who in turn generally sell it to the public. The stock gives whoever owns it part ownership in that company. If you buy one share of XYZ Inc, and they have 100 shares outstanding (held by investors), you are 1/100 owner of that company. Of course, in return for the stock, the company receives cash, which it uses to expand its business; this process is known as "equity financing". Equity financing mixed with the sale of bonds (or any other debt financing) is called the company's capital structure.
Finance is used by individuals (personal finance), by governments (public finance), by businesses (corporate finance), as well as by a wide variety of organizations including schools and non-profit organizations. In general, the goals of each of the above activities are achieved through the use of appropriate financial instruments and methodologies, with consideration to their institutional setting.
Finance is one of the most important aspects of business management. Without proper financial planning a new enterprise is unlikely to be successful. Managing money (a liquid asset) is essential to ensure a secure future, both for the individual and an organization.
Finance is the science of funds management.The general areas of finance are business finance, personal finance, and public finance.
Finance includes saving money and often includes lending money. The field of finance deals with the concepts of time, money and risk and how they are interrelated. It also deals with how money is spent and budgeted.
Finance works most basically through individuals and business organizations depositing money in a bank. The bank then lends the money out to other individuals or corporations for consumption or investment, and charges interest on the loans.
Loans have become increasingly packaged for resale, meaning that an investor buys the loan (debt) from a bank or directly from a corporation. Bonds are debt sold directly to investors from corporations, while that investor can then hold the debt and collect the interest or sell the debt on a secondary market.Banks are the main facilitators of funding through the provision of credit, although private equity, mutual funds, hedge funds, and other organizations have become important as they invest in various forms of debt. Financial assets, known as investments, are financially managed with careful attention to financial risk management to control financial risk. Financial instruments allow many forms of securitized assets to be traded on securities exchanges such as stock exchanges, including debt such as bonds as well as equity in publicly-traded corporations.
Central banks act as lenders of last resort and control the money supply, which affects the interest rates charged. As money supply increases, interest rates decrease.
The main techniques and sectors of the financial industryMain article: Financial servicesAn entity whose income exceeds their expenditure can lend or invest the excess income. On the other hand, an entity whose income is less than its expenditure can raise capital by borrowing or selling equity claims, decreasing its expenses, or increasing its income. The lender can find a borrower, a financial intermediary such as a bank, or buy notes or bonds in the bond market. The lender receives interest, the borrower pays a higher interest than the lender receives, and the financial intermediary pockets the difference.
A bank aggregates the activities of many borrowers and lenders. A bank accepts deposits from lenders, on which it pays the interest. The bank then lends these deposits to borrowers. Banks allow borrowers and lenders, of different sizes, to coordinate their activity. Banks are thus compensators of money flows in space.
A specific example of corporate finance is the sale of stock by a company to institutional investors like investment banks, who in turn generally sell it to the public. The stock gives whoever owns it part ownership in that company. If you buy one share of XYZ Inc, and they have 100 shares outstanding (held by investors), you are 1/100 owner of that company. Of course, in return for the stock, the company receives cash, which it uses to expand its business; this process is known as "equity financing". Equity financing mixed with the sale of bonds (or any other debt financing) is called the company's capital structure.
Finance is used by individuals (personal finance), by governments (public finance), by businesses (corporate finance), as well as by a wide variety of organizations including schools and non-profit organizations. In general, the goals of each of the above activities are achieved through the use of appropriate financial instruments and methodologies, with consideration to their institutional setting.
Finance is one of the most important aspects of business management. Without proper financial planning a new enterprise is unlikely to be successful. Managing money (a liquid asset) is essential to ensure a secure future, both for the individual and an organization.
STRATEGIES OF "READING AND WRITING"
READING AND WRITING
Reading strategies
Read (or at least skim) all parts of the reading. Sometimes the cover, title, preface, introduction, illustrations, appendices, epilogue, footnotes and "about the author" sections can provide you with valuable information.
Identify the genre of the reading. What kind of a reading is it? (Journal article? Mass media? Novel? Textbook?) Why was it written? Who does the author assume is going to read this work? (Books about politics written for an audience of political scientists, for example, might be very different from books about politics written for the general public, for historians, or for sociologists.)
Consider the author. What do you know or what can you learn about this person? Why did he or she write the book? What sources of information and/or methods did he or she use to gather the information presented in the book?
Guess why your instructor assigned the reading. How does it fit in with other readings, class discussions, major course themes, or the purpose of the class?
Get out a calendar and plan your reading. Get out a calendar and plan your reading. Plot the number of days or hours that it may take you to complete the reading. Be realistic. It may help to read one chapter of the reading and then revise your calendar—some readings take longer than others of a similar length.
As you read, record your reactions and questions. Any reaction or question is valid, from the specific ("What's that word mean?") to the general ("What's her point?"). Write them down now so that you'll remember them later. These reactions and questions can serve as material for class discussion, or they can be the jumping off point for brainstorming a paper.
Read with a friend. Find someone else who is reading the same book. Set reading goals together and plan to share your reactions to sections of the reading before class, after class, over e-mail, and so on.
Visit your instructor during office hours to discuss the reading. Your instructor will set aside hours when he or she will be available to meet with students. This is a great time to talk about the reading, ask questions, share your reactions, and get to know your instructor. You can do this with a friend or in a small group as well.
Think about what is missing in the reading. Issues, events or ideas that are missing, left out, avoided, or not discussed/addressed in the book might be important. Thinking about these omissions can give you a critical perspective on the reading by showing you what the author (consciously or unconsciously) doesn't want to deal with.
If you know you will have to answer a particular question in response to the reading, read with that question in mind. Sometimes faculty will give you essay questions in advance. As you read the text, refer back to those questions and think about your emerging answers to them.
Writing strategies
Write as you read. Record your reactions informally and briefly after you've read for a while. When you're done reading a section, write for five minutes to capture your personal thoughts, reactions, and questions as you go along.
Keep your notes with your book. Tuck a few sheets of paper or a notepad inside the book to record your ideas as you read.
Share your informal writing with a friend. Trade notes/questions/reactions to the book. Write five-minute responses to one another about the reading. This can be done by e-mail.
Draw while you read. Drawing pictures, maps or diagrams of relationships or important issues that you see emerging from the reading can help you understand them. Be willing to revise or redraw the map as you read.
IMPORTANCE OF GOOD & EFFECTIVE "WRITING AND READING"
Importance of Good Writing and Reading Skills
They are not just a set of basic skills people are taught at school. Writing and reading are an integral part of each educated individual’s life since they are the basis of written communication. Written communication, in its turn, is another tool for people to express their ideas, and learn about those of others.
The Importance of Effective Reading Skills
Reading skills serve as a foundation for writing. Developed and mastered, effective reading skills give people the opportunity to learn new information about the world, people, events, and places, enrich their vocabularies, and improve their writing skills.
· Reading enriches the inner world of a person, improves grammar and spelling.
· Through reading people learn to understand different ways of thinking and feelings of other people, become more flexible and open-minded.
· Avid readers not only read and write better than those who read less, but also process information faster. The research presented by the Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology proves that poor readers have poorer short-memory functions
· As a result, avid readers have a broader outlook, are quicker to analyze facts and find connections between seemingly unrelated ideas.
· A reader has better skills for comprehending, analyzing, understanding, responding, and, finally, learning from what he or she reads.
As a result, it is easier for good readers to get used to new and unfamiliar circumstances or ideas. They are easier to communicate with, and have higher chances to succeed in both professional and personal life.
The Importance of Effective Writing Skills
Application essays, CVs, cover letters, and even e-mails often have to represent an individual. In such cases the person’s writing is to form the reader’s opinion about the individual’s personality and abilities.
"SMART READING & SMART WRITING", 'What Makes Writing So Important?'
SMART READING
It is a well-known fact that when there were no televisions or computers, reading was a primary leisure activity. People would spend hours reading books and travel to lands far away-in their minds. The only tragedy is that, with time, people have lost their skill and passion to read. There are many other exciting and thrilling options available, aside from books. And that is a shame because reading offers a productive approach to improving vocabulary and word power. It is advisable to indulge in at least half an hour of reading a day to keep abreast of the various styles of writing and new vocabulary.
It is observed that children and teenagers who love reading have comparatively higher IQs. They are more creative and do better in school and college. It is recommended that parents to inculcate the importance of reading to their children in the early years. Reading is said to significantly help in developing vocabulary, and reading aloud helps to build a strong emotional bond between parents and children. The children who start reading from an early age are observed to have good language skills, and they grasp the variances in phonics much better.
Reading helps in mental development and is known to stimulate the muscles of the eyes. Reading is an activity that involves greater levels of concentration and adds to the conversational skills of the reader. It is an indulgence that enhances the knowledge acquired, consistently. The habit of reading also helps readers to decipher new words and phrases that they come across in everyday conversations. The habit can become a healthy addiction and adds to the information available on various topics. It helps us to stay in-touch with contemporary writers as well as those from the days of yore and makes us sensitive to global issues.
SMART WRITING
What Makes Writing So Important?
Writing expresses who you are as a person. Writing is portable and permanent. It makes your thinking visible. Writing helps you move easily among facts, inferences, and opinions without getting confused—and without confusing your reader. Writing promotes your ability to pose worthwhile questions. Writing fosters your ability to explain a complex position to readers, and to yourself. Writing helps others give you feedback. Writing helps you refine your ideas when you give others feedback. Writing requires that you anticipate your readers’ needs. Your ability to do so demonstrates your intellectual flexibility and maturity. Writing ideas down preserves them so that you can reflect upon them later. Writing out your ideas permits you to evaluate the adequacy of your argument. Writing stimulates you to extend a line of thought beyond your first impressions or gut responses. Writing helps you understand how truth is established in a given discipline. Writing equips you with the communication and thinking skills you need to participate effectively in democracy. Writing is an essential job skill.
It is a well-known fact that when there were no televisions or computers, reading was a primary leisure activity. People would spend hours reading books and travel to lands far away-in their minds. The only tragedy is that, with time, people have lost their skill and passion to read. There are many other exciting and thrilling options available, aside from books. And that is a shame because reading offers a productive approach to improving vocabulary and word power. It is advisable to indulge in at least half an hour of reading a day to keep abreast of the various styles of writing and new vocabulary.
It is observed that children and teenagers who love reading have comparatively higher IQs. They are more creative and do better in school and college. It is recommended that parents to inculcate the importance of reading to their children in the early years. Reading is said to significantly help in developing vocabulary, and reading aloud helps to build a strong emotional bond between parents and children. The children who start reading from an early age are observed to have good language skills, and they grasp the variances in phonics much better.
Reading helps in mental development and is known to stimulate the muscles of the eyes. Reading is an activity that involves greater levels of concentration and adds to the conversational skills of the reader. It is an indulgence that enhances the knowledge acquired, consistently. The habit of reading also helps readers to decipher new words and phrases that they come across in everyday conversations. The habit can become a healthy addiction and adds to the information available on various topics. It helps us to stay in-touch with contemporary writers as well as those from the days of yore and makes us sensitive to global issues.
SMART WRITING
Writing helps you express yourself
Writing prepares you for school and employment (both of which in most cases require a lot of it)
Writing is how much of the world communicates. If you don't write, you cut yourself off from a large community (including this one, incidentally)
Writing can be a great tool to help you know more about the way you think... writing can solidify ideas and thoughts, and allow you to reflect on them better than if the ideas remained evolving in your head.Writing is one of the ways that we translate our thoughts for other people. Some people are better at expressing themselves in writing than any other way, and you thus get a better translation when you read what they have to say rather than hearing them speak.
Writing assists you with other language tasks as well... writing helps you learn how to form language, how to spell, how to ... put together a plot. You learn how to make a logical argument, or how to persuade, mainly through writing. Speaking can help you learn those things as well, but it is easier to self-examine and evaluate how to improve when you have something concrete in front of you, and can revise.
What Makes Writing So Important?
Sunday, November 22, 2009
ATTRACTION Vs LOVE
LOVE Vs ATTRACTION
When we first meet someone, regardless of the way or medium that we meet, we are either attracted or not. Attraction, when pursued, eventually grows into levels of friendship and then may cross the barriers we build up, to protect ourselves, and grow into love.
Attraction usually involves an instant decision of like or dislike, based on our own subconscious criteria.
If we meet someone in person, we tend to size them up physically. If we meet through letters or phone conversation or Internet chat, we tend to size them up, over a longer term, by how well they converse and how interesting (or complimentary) they are while we interact with them.
It is true that people can act however they want, be whatever they want to be, over the Internet. But eventually the true person leaks through the cracks and we begin to see their true self. Moral of the story? It’s best to be your real self. You may eventually want to meet the person on the other end of the conversation.
On the other hand, when you do meet the ‘real’ person on the other end, remember that you have grown to like that person because of what’s inside their mind and heart. You have found a potential ‘soul mate’ who thinks as you think and feels much the same way that you feel.
No one is perfect.
We all have our own flaws and shortcomings. The concept of finding the ‘right’ person is good. The concept of finding the ‘perfect’ person is improbable and discouraging, because ‘perfect’ doesn’t exist. The way this person looks, their physical appearance, isn’t as important as their inner looks, or soul. What we see is what we get, and hopefully the heart ranks the highest. We fall in love with someone’s soul, not the shape or size of their body.
And although a certain number of things can be done to improve physical appearance, that shouldn’t be our main criteria or requirement for friendship or companionship. We fall in love with their heart. With their inner self. With their true being. And that’s what matters most.
When we first meet someone, regardless of the way or medium that we meet, we are either attracted or not. Attraction, when pursued, eventually grows into levels of friendship and then may cross the barriers we build up, to protect ourselves, and grow into love.
Attraction usually involves an instant decision of like or dislike, based on our own subconscious criteria.
If we meet someone in person, we tend to size them up physically. If we meet through letters or phone conversation or Internet chat, we tend to size them up, over a longer term, by how well they converse and how interesting (or complimentary) they are while we interact with them.
It is true that people can act however they want, be whatever they want to be, over the Internet. But eventually the true person leaks through the cracks and we begin to see their true self. Moral of the story? It’s best to be your real self. You may eventually want to meet the person on the other end of the conversation.
On the other hand, when you do meet the ‘real’ person on the other end, remember that you have grown to like that person because of what’s inside their mind and heart. You have found a potential ‘soul mate’ who thinks as you think and feels much the same way that you feel.
No one is perfect.
We all have our own flaws and shortcomings. The concept of finding the ‘right’ person is good. The concept of finding the ‘perfect’ person is improbable and discouraging, because ‘perfect’ doesn’t exist. The way this person looks, their physical appearance, isn’t as important as their inner looks, or soul. What we see is what we get, and hopefully the heart ranks the highest. We fall in love with someone’s soul, not the shape or size of their body.
And although a certain number of things can be done to improve physical appearance, that shouldn’t be our main criteria or requirement for friendship or companionship. We fall in love with their heart. With their inner self. With their true being. And that’s what matters most.
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